"Seismic Resistant Design of Reinforced Concrete Building" - An academic project report as a requirement of partial fulfilment of Bachelors Degree in Civil Engineering.

What is Physical meaning of Structure, Analysis and Design? 

Structure: It is an arrangement of inter-related elements in a system, such a way that they can withstand its geomentry in its original position under applied load. However, the limit of load a structure can withstand depends on the capacity of members against generated stress, i.e. strength. When a geometric arrangement changes its location under applied load, its called a mechanism.

Analysis: It is the phennonmenon of determination of load in each member of a structure under possible combination of applied loads. While doing structural analysis following points need to be considered :

• Geometric confugeration of structure.
• Types of joints between structural members and their way of responsing against applied load.
• Support condition.
• Type of member i.e. Line Member or Area Member.
• Way of woad distribution from member to member and in combined diagphram.
• Definition of member : Geometric Section and Material Properties.
• Loads and sequence and combined action of loads.

The common forces a structural member may be subjected are followings and per unit area of such force is called stress likewise resistance developed in member against stress is called strength., Ultimate strength of a member depends on proper of material used in a member that can be determined by laboratory experiment.

• Axial Forces (Tension Force or Compression Force)
• Shear Forces (Perpendicular to primary axis)
• Flexural Force ( Bending Moment generated in a member)
• Tortional Force (Twisting force)
• Displacement or deflection.

Design : It is the process of deciding geometry (cross-section) and properties of material or arrangemnt of different materials within decided geometry such a way to resist analyzed stress. Designs are made under consideration of strenth and serviceability criteria as a requirement of codal provision.